Inqubo yokucisha nokushisa yomugqa wensimbi engagqwali ongu-316L

Ukucisha nokushisa kuyizinqubo zokwelashwa kokushisa ezisetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini yezinto zokwakha, okuhlanganisa insimbi engagqwali njengo-316L. Lezi zinqubo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa ubulukhuni, amandla, nokuqina ngenkathi kugcinwa ukumelana nokugqwala. Nansi indlela inqubo yokucisha nokushisa ingasetshenziswa emgqeni wensimbi engagqwali ongu-316L:

1. I-Annealing (Ongakukhetha): Ngaphambi kokucisha kanye nokushisa, ungase ukhethe ukudonsa umugqa wensimbi engagqwali ongu-316L ukuze ukhulule ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi futhi uqinisekise izakhiwo ezifanayo. Ukufaka i-annealing kuhilela ukushisa insimbi ezingeni lokushisa elithile (imvamisa cishe ku-1900°F noma 1040°C) bese ukuyipholisa kancane ngendlela elawulwayo.
2. Ukucisha:Shisisa umugqa wensimbi engagqwali ongu-316L ube yizinga lokushisa le-austenitic, ngokuvamile cishe ngo-1850-2050°F (1010-1120°C) kuye ngokwakhiwa okuthile.
   Bamba insimbi kulokhu kushisa isikhathi esanele ukuze uqinisekise ukushisa okufanayo.
   Cima insimbi ngokushesha ngokuyicwilisa endaweni yokucisha, ngokuvamile uwoyela, amanzi, noma isixazululo se-polymer. Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokucisha kuncike ezintweni ezifunwayo kanye nobukhulu bomucu.
   Ukucisha kupholisa ngokushesha insimbi, kuyenze iguquke isuka ku-austenite iye esigabeni esiqinile, esiphukayo, ngokuvamile i-martensite.
3. I-Tempering: Ngemva kokucisha, insimbi izoba nzima kakhulu kodwa ibe brittle. Ukuze uthuthukise ukuqina nokunciphisa ukuqina, insimbi iyathukuthela.
   Izinga lokushisa elipholile libalulekile futhi livamise ukuba ku-300-1100°F (150-590°C), kuye ngendawo oyifunayo. Izinga lokushisa eliqondile lincike ohlelweni oluthile.
   Bamba insimbi ekushiseni okupholile isikhathi esithile, okungase kuhluke ngokusekelwe ezicini ozifunayo.
   Inqubo yokushisa inciphisa ubulukhuni bensimbi ngenkathi ithuthukisa ukuqina kwayo kanye ne-ductility. Lapho izinga lokushisa liphakeme, insimbi izoba yinto ethambile futhi i-ductile.
4. Ukupholisa: Ngemva kokushisa, vumela umugqa wensimbi engagqwali ongu-316L ukuthi uphole ngokwemvelo emoyeni noma ngezinga elilawulwayo kuya kuzinga lokushisa legumbi.
5. Ukuhlola Nokulawula Ikhwalithi: Kubalulekile ukwenza izivivinyo zemishini nezensimbi emgqeni ocishiwe futhi opholile ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi uhlangabezana nokucaciswa okufiselekayo kanye nezakhiwo. Lezi zivivinyo zingabandakanya ukuhlolwa kokuqina, ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile, ukuhlolwa komthelela, nokuhlaziywa kwe-microstructure. Amapharamitha athile wokucisha nokomisa, njengamazinga okushisa nobude besikhathi, kufanele anqunywe ngokusekelwe kuzakhiwo ezidingekayo zohlelo lokusebenza futhi angadinga ukuhlolwa nokuhlolwa. Ukulawula okufanelekile kwezinqubo zokushisisa, ukubamba, ukucisha, kanye nokushisa kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe ibhalansi oyifunayo yokuqina, amandla, nokuqina ngenkathi kugcinwa ukumelana nokugqwala ku-316L yensimbi engagqwali. Ukwengeza, izinyathelo zokuphepha kufanele zithathwe lapho usebenza nezinqubo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nezinsimbi zokucisha.