Ikhabhoni ingenye yezinto eziyinhloko zensimbi yezimboni. Ukusebenza kanye nesakhiwo sensimbi kunqunywa kakhulu okuqukethwe kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwekhabhoni ensimbini. Umphumela wekhabhoni ubaluleke kakhulu ensimbini engagqwali. Ithonya lekhabhoni esakhiweni sensimbi engagqwali libonakala kakhulu ezicini ezimbili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ikhabhoni iyinto eqinisa i-austenite, futhi umphumela mkhulu (cishe izikhathi ezingu-30 kune-nickel), ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngenxa yokusondelana okuphezulu kwekhabhoni ne-chromium. Enkulu, ene-chromium - uchungechunge oluyinkimbinkimbi lwama-carbide. Ngakho-ke, maqondana namandla kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, indima yekhabhoni ensimbini engagqwali iyaphikisana.
Siqaphela umthetho waleli thonya, singakhetha izinsimbi ezingagqwali ezinokuqukethwe okuhlukile kwekhabhoni ngokusekelwe ezidingweni ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa.
Isibonelo, okuqukethwe kwe-chromium okujwayelekile kwamazinga amahlanu ensimbi ka-0Crl3~4Cr13, okuwukusetshenziswa kakhulu embonini futhi okuncane kakhulu, kusethwe ku-12~14%, okungukuthi, izici ezenza i-carbon ne-chromium kwakha i-chromium carbide ziyacatshangelwa. Inhloso eyinhloko ukuthi ngemva kokuba i-carbon ne-chromium zihlanganiswe zibe yi-chromium carbide, okuqukethwe kwe-chromium esixazululweni esiqinile ngeke kube ngaphansi kokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okungenani okungu-11.7%.
Ngokuphathelene nalezi zinhlobo ezinhlanu zensimbi, ngenxa yomehluko wokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni, amandla nokumelana nokugqwala nakho kuhlukile. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engu-0Cr13 ~ 2Crl3 kungcono kodwa amandla aphansi kunensimbi engu-3Crl3 kanye ne-4Cr13. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izingxenye zesakhiwo.
Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwekhabhoni, amazinga amabili ensimbi angathola amandla aphezulu futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenziweni kweziphethu, imimese nezinye izingxenye ezidinga amandla aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka. Isibonelo, ukuze kunqotshwe ukugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali engu-18-8 chromium-nickel, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwensimbi kungancishiswa kube ngaphansi kuka-0.03%, noma isici (i-titanium noma i-niobium) esinobungane obukhulu kune-chromium kanye nekhabhoni singangezwa ukuze sivimbele ukuthi ingakhi i-carbide. I-Chromium, isibonelo, lapho ubunzima obukhulu kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka kuyizidingo eziyinhloko, singakhulisa okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kwensimbi ngenkathi sandisa okuqukethwe kwe-chromium ngendlela efanele, ukuze sihlangabezane nezidingo zobunzima kanye nokumelana nokuguguleka, futhi sicabangele ukumelana nokugqwala okuthile, ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni njengama-bearings, amathuluzi okulinganisa kanye nama-blades anensimbi engagqwali engu-9Cr18 kanye ne-9Cr17MoVCo, yize okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuphakeme njengo-0.85 ~ 0.95%, ngoba okuqukethwe kwe-chromium yabo nakho kuyanda ngokufanele, ngakho-ke kusaqinisekisa ukumelana nokugqwala. Kudingeka.
Ngokuvamile, okuqukethwe yikhabhoni kwezinsimbi ezingagqwali ezisetshenziswa embonini njengamanje kuphansi kakhulu. Iningi lezinsimbi ezingagqwali linokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okungu-0.1 kuya ku-0.4%, kanti izinsimbi ezingamelana ne-asidi zinokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okungu-0.1 kuya ku-0.2%. Izinsimbi ezingagqwali ezinokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okungaphezu kuka-0.4% zakha ingxenye encane kuphela yenani eliphelele lamazinga, ngoba ngaphansi kwezimo eziningi zokusetshenziswa, izinsimbi ezingagqwali zihlala zinokumelana nokugqwala njengenhloso yazo eyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okuphansi nakho kungenxa yezidingo ezithile zenqubo, njengokushisela okulula kanye nokuguqulwa okubandayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-27-2022
