Udinga ukubopha okuthembekile ezimweni ezinzima.Izintambo zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezizikhiyayozibalulekile ezindaweni ezinzima. Zinikeza ukuqina okungenakuqhathaniswa. Uthola ukumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Amandla azo okubopha adlula izibopho ezivamile.Izintambo Zekhebula Zensimbi Engagqwaliukuhlinzeka ngesisombululo esingcono kakhulu sezidingo zakho ezidinga kakhulu.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele
- Ukuzikhiyaizibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwaliziqinile kakhulu. Zisebenza kahle ezindaweni ezinzima lapho ezinye izibopho ziphuka khona.
- Lezi zibopho zimelana nokugqwala, ukushisa okukhulu, nokubanda. Zimelana futhi nomonakalo ovela kumakhemikhali kanye nokukhanya kwelanga.
- Ilokhi ekhethekile kulezi zibopho iyazigcina ziqinile. Lokhu kuzenza ziphephe emisebenzini eminingi ebalulekile.
Kungani Izibambo Zendabuko Zihluleka Lapho Izintambo Zensimbi Engagqwali Ezizikhiya Zisebenza Ku-Excel
Udinga izixazululo zokubopha ezisebenza ngokuthembeka. Izibophezelo zendabuko zivame ukwehluleka ezimweni ezinzima. Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezizikhiyayo zinikeza ukusebenza okuphezulu. Zinqoba ukulinganiselwa kwezinketho ezivamile.
Imikhawulo Yezibopho Zepulasitiki Nezinye Izinsimbi
Izibopho zekhebula zepulasitiki, nakuba zivamile, ziletha ubuthakathaka obukhulu ezindaweni ezinzima. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu alimaza kakhulu ubuqotho bazo. Ukuvezwa ukushisa isikhathi eside kubangela ukuthi ipulasitiki ithambe. Lokhu kunciphisa amandla ayo. Isakhiwo sama-molecule siyakhululeka. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu esikhathi eside nawo aholela ekugugeni nasekuqhekekeni. Ukushiswa kokushisa kanye nokuqhekeka kweketanga kulimaza isakhiwo sangaphakathi. Lokhu kuphumela ekuqineni okungenakuguqulwa. Ama-plasticizer angashintshashintsha. Uzobona izinguquko zombala, njengokuphuzi nokufiphala, ngaphansi kokushisa okude kanye nokuvezwa yi-UV.
Ezinye izibopho zensimbi, njenge-aluminium, nazo zinemikhawulo. Zingase zingabi namandla aqinile adingekayo ekusetshenzisweni okunzima. Cabanga ngomehluko wamandla okudonsa. Izibopho zekhebula le-nayiloni, ngisho noma zibanzi kakhulu (12.7 mm), zinikeza amandla okudonsa aphezulu angu-114 kg. Ngokuphambene nalokho, isibopho sekhebula lensimbi engagqwali esingu-7.9 mm ububanzi sinikeza amandla angu-166 kg. Lo mehluko obalulekile uqokomisa ukungalingani kwezinto eziningi zendabuko zemisebenzi ebalulekile.
| Izinto | Ububanzi (mm) | Amandla Okuqinela Aphezulu (kg) |
|---|---|---|
| Inayiloni | 2.5 | 8 |
| Inayiloni | 12.7 | 114 |
| Insimbi engagqwali | 7.9 | 166 |
Ukuphakama Kwezinto Ezingalingani
Insimbi engagqwaliinikeza ubuhle obumangalisayo bezinto ezibonakalayo. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezimweni ezinzima. Uthola ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanye nokucindezeleka ngokomzimba. Isibonelo, insimbi engagqwali engu-316 inikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala uma kuqhathaniswa nensimbi engagqwali engu-304. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinosawoti.
| Isici | 304 Insimbi Engagqwali | 316 Insimbi Engagqwali |
|---|---|---|
| Ukumelana Nokugqwala Okujwayelekile | Kuhle, kufanelekile ezindaweni ezahlukene okuhlanganisa amakhemikhali kanye nomswakama. | Ingcono kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ngokumelene nama-chloride kanye nezinyibilikisi zezimboni. |
| Ukumelana nama-Chlorides/Saline | Ayinamandla kangako uma iqhathaniswa ne-316. | Ithuthuke kakhulu ngenxa yokwengezwa kwe-molybdenum; ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-marine-grade. |
| Isici Esiyinhloko Sokuhlanganisa Ukumelana | - | I-Molybdenum (ithuthukisa ukumelana nama-chloride, imigodi, kanye nokugqwala kwe-crevice). |
| Ukufaneleka Kwezindawo Zasolwandle | Akuthandwa kakhulu. | Kukhethwa ngenxa yokumelana kangcono nosawoti (i-sodium chloride) emanzini olwandle. |
Insimbi engagqwali engu-316 inikeza ukumelana nokugqwala okuphezulu kakhulu kuma-chloride nama-acid uma kuqhathaniswa nengu-304. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okuthandwayo ezindaweni ezisogwini kanye nezindawo ezinamazinga aphezulu kasawoti. Ungathembela kuizibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwalikulezi zindawo ezidinga kakhulu.
Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali nazo zinokuguquguquka okumangalisayo kwezinga lokushisa. Zisebenza kahle kakhulu ebangeni elibanzi. Isibonelo, izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezingama-intshi angu-304 ezimbozwe nge-14-intshi zisebenza kusukela ku--112°F kuya ku-1000°F. Ngokufanayo, izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezingama-intshi angu-316 ezimbozwe nge-UV ezijwayelekile ezimelana ne-UV zenzelwe ububanzi obufanayo be--112°F kuya ku-1000°F. Lolu bubanzi bokusebenza lokushisa olubanzi luqinisekisa ukuthembeka lapho ezinye izinto zingase zingasebenzi khona.
Indima Ebalulekile Yomshini Wokuzikhiya
Indlela yokuzikhiya iyisici esibalulekile sezintambo zensimbi engagqwali ezizikhiyayo. Iqinisekisa ukubamba okuqinile nokuhlala isikhathi eside. Le ndlela ivimbela ukukhululeka, ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Indlela yokukhiya ibhola ethembekile inikeza ukubamba okuqinile, okuzikhiyayo. Ihlala ivikelekile ngisho noma kudlidliza noma imithwalo esindayo. Le ndlela eqinile iqinisekisa ukubamba okuqinile. Ngeke ikhululeke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Uyazuza kulo mklamo oqinile. Uqinisekisa ingcindezi efanayo kuyo yonke inqwaba yekhebula. Lokhu kunciphisa ingozi yokuxega. Kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwekhebula. Kwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwesistimu. Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali zisingatha izindawo zokudlidliza okuphezulu ngempumelelo. Izindlela zazo zokukhiya ezithuthukisiwe kanye nemiklamo yazo yokudlidliza iqinisekisa ukuzinza. Zivimbela ukushelela. Zinciphisa ukucindezeleka. Lokhu kuzenza zilungele izimboni ezidlidliza kakhulu.
- Izindlela zokuzikhiya ziqeda ukuthembela kumathuluzi. Ziqinisekisa ukuthi zigcinwa ziqinile ngaphandle kokushelela.
- Amandla aphezulu okudonsa anciphisa izingozi zokuphuka. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukuphepha.
- Ukumelana nokugqwala nokuqina kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside ezindaweni ezinzima.
Lezi zibopho zinikeza namandla amangalisayo okuthwala imithwalo. Ungathola izinketho zomthwalo osindayo ezinamandla okudonswa afinyelela ku-485 lbs. Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezizikhiyayo ngokuvamile zinikeza amandla okudonswa okungenani angama-200 lbs.
| Ubude | Amandla Okudonsa Aphansi |
|---|---|
| 5.0″ (127 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-200 |
| 8.0″ (203 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-200 |
| 11.0″ (279 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-200 |
| 15.0″ (363 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-200 |
| 21.0″ (521 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-200 |
| 27.0″ (681 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-200 |
| 33.0″ (838 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-200 |
| 8.0″ (203 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-350 |
| 11.0″ (279 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-350 |
| 15.0″ (363 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-350 |
| 27.0″ (681 mm) | Amakhilogremu angu-485 |
Izicelo Ezibalulekile Zezintambo Zekhebula Zensimbi Engagqwali Ezizikhiyayo
Uthola ukuzikhiyaizibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwalizibalulekile ezimbonini eziningi. Izakhiwo zazo ezihlukile zizenza zibe ezibalulekile lapho ezinye izikhonkwane zehluleka khona. Uthembele kuzo ukuze zisebenze ngokuphephile nangokuhlala isikhathi eside ezindaweni eziyinselele kakhulu.
Izindawo Zasolwandle Nasezindaweni Zasogwini
Izindawo zasemanzini nasogwini lolwandle zinezinselele ezinkulu. Ubhekene nokuchayeka njalo emanzini anosawoti, umswakama ophezulu, kanye nemisebe ye-UV enamandla. Izintambo zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezizikhiyayo zinhle kakhulu lapha. Zinikeza ukumelana okuphezulu kokugqwala nokubola.
Zombili izinhlobo ezingama-304 kanye nama-316L zinikeza ukumelana okuhle kakhulu nokugqwala nokugqwala. Ngokungafani nezinye izindlela zepulasitiki, izibopho zensimbi engagqwali aziboli ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga isikhathi eside. Ezindaweni zasolwandle noma ezigqwala kakhulu, kufanele usebenzise izibopho zensimbi engagqwali ezingama-316L ukuze umelane kahle.
Cabanga ngomehluko wezinto ezibonakalayo ezimweni zamanzi anosawoti:
| Izinto | Izinto Eziyinhloko Ezimelana Nokugqwala | Ukumelana Nokufafazwa Ngosawoti (Ukuhlolwa kwe-NSS) | Indlela Yokwehluleka Ezindaweni Zasolwandle |
|---|---|---|---|
| 316 Insimbi Engagqwali | 2-3% i-molybdenum (Mo), 16-18% i-chromium (Cr) | Amahora angu-≥1,000 (akukho ukugqwala okubomvu) | Umgodi womphezulu ngemva kwamahora angu-1,200+; kungalungiswa ngokungasebenzi |
| 304 Insimbi Engagqwali | Ayikho i-molybdenum, i-18-20% ye-chromium | Amahora angu-≤200 (umgodi omkhulu) | Ukugqwala kobukhulu obuphakathi ngemva kwamahora angu-500 |
| Insimbi Egayiwe | Ukugqoka kwe-zinc (8-15μm) | Amahora angu-200-300 (ungqimba lwe-zinc luphelile) | Ukwehluleka kokugqwala kwensimbi eyisisekelo ngemuva kokumboza |
| Inayiloni | I-matrix ye-polymer eneziqinisi ze-UV | Amahora angu-300-500 (ukushaqeka) | Ukuqhekeka ngenxa ye-hydrolysis kanye nokuwohloka kwe-UV |
Insimbi engagqwali engu-316, ikakhulukazi i-AISI 316, iqukethe i-molybdenum engu-2-3% (Mo). Lokhu kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukumelana kwayo nokugqwala kwe-chloride ion. Ukuhlolwa kwe-Neutral salt spray (NSS) kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukumelana kwayo ne-salt spray kudlula amahora ayi-1000. Lokhu kudlula kakhulu insimbi engagqwali engu-304, okubonisa ukugoba okukhulu ngemva kwamahora angu-200. Lokhu kwenza insimbi engagqwali engu-316 isebenze kahle kakhulu ekumelaneni nokuchitheka kwamanzi olwandle, ukuguguleka kwe-salt spray, kanye nokujiya emadekini emikhumbi, amakhabhini, kanye nezindawo ezisogwini lolwandle. Ama-316 ambozwe nge-PVDF agcina amandla okudonseka angu-95% ngemva kwamahora ayi-10,000 okuvezwa yi-UV (ASTM G155).
Izintambo zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali zebanga le-Marine 316 zisebenza kahle ezindaweni zasolwandle. Ziyakwazi ukumelana nokugqwala nokugqwala ngokwemvelo. Zimelana ngempumelelo nezimo zamanzi anosawoti ezinzima. Zilungele ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle, zimelana nemisebe ye-UV nesimo sezulu esibi. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokungafani nezintambo ze-nylon, ezingabola phakathi nezinyanga, izintambo zensimbi engagqwali zingahlala iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengama-30 ezimweni zangaphandle. Zigcina amandla nokuguquguquka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukwakheka kwazo kwezinto kuvimbela ukulimala kwe-UV. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile nokufaneleka kokufakwa kwangaphandle, okuhlanganisa ukumelana namakhemikhali anolaka.
Kumelwe futhi ucabangele izitifiketi ezithile zezicelo zasolwandle:
| Okujwayelekile | Isimo Semvelo Sixazululiwe |
|---|---|
| I-UL 62275 | Ukumelana nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, Ukumelana nokugqwala |
| I-CSA C22.2 Inombolo 62275 | Ukumelana nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, Ukumelana nokugqwala |
| I-NMX-J-623-ANCE | Ukumelana nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, Ukumelana nokugqwala |
| I-IEC 62275 | Ukumelana nokukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, Ukumelana nokugqwala |
Izitifiketi ezengeziwe ziqinisekisa ukuthobela imithetho nokuphepha:
| Isitifiketi/Okujwayelekile | Isidingo/Inhloso |
|---|---|
| I-ASTM B117 | Ukuhlolwa kwesifutho sikasawoti sokumelana nokugqwala |
| Izindinganiso zobuthi ze-UL ezivimbela ilangabi kanye nezingashisi kakhulu | Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi eyingozi ngesikhathi somlilo, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi |
| I-UL94 V-0 | Izakhiwo zokuzicisha zingakapheli imizuzwana eyi-10 ngaphandle kokuconsa |
| I-DNV-GL, i-ABS, iRejista kaLloyd | Ukuhambisana nezinhlangano zokuhlukanisa, kudinga ukuhlolwa kokumelana nokugqwala, ukuqina kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, kanye nokumelana nokuguga |
| I-UL94 V-0 (Tefzel®) | Ukuvinjelwa komlilo, ukuzicisha ngaphandle kokukhishwa okuyingozi ngesikhathi somlilo |
| Ukumelana nemisebe ye-UV kanye nemisebe ye-gamma (Tefzel®) | Ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile ekuchayweni yilanga noma imisebe |
Izilungiselelo Zezimboni Nezokukhiqiza
Izindawo zezimboni nezokukhiqiza zivame ukuveza izikhonkwane kumakhemikhali agqwalayo, uwoyela, kanye nokushisa okukhulu. Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezizikhiyayo zigcina ubuqotho ngaphansi kwalezi zimo.
Uzithola zisebenza kahle ezitshalweni zokucubungula amakhemikhali embonini kawoyela negesi. Amakhemikhali abolayo avamile lapho. Amelana nokugqwala okubangelwa yila makhemikhali. Lokhu kuvikela izintambo nemishini ekulimaleni. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwezikhungo kanye nokuphepha kwabasebenzi. Uzisebenzisa ukubopha izintambo zokulawula kuma-reactor amakhemikhali noma ukulungisa amapayipi athwala uketshezi olubolisayo.
Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali zimelana namakhemikhali ahlukahlukene. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-acid, ama-alkali, izinyibilikisi, namafutha. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile ezindaweni zezimboni eziyinselele. Zimelana nokuwohloka okuvela emisebeni ye-UV, isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, kanye nokuchayeka kumakhemikhali. Lokhu kuzenza zifaneleke ezindaweni ezidinga amandla njengezinkundla zasogwini kanye nezitshalo zezimboni. Ukuqina kwazo kuqinisekisa ukuthi aziqhekeki ngisho noma kubanda kakhulu noma kukhanya ilanga isikhathi eside. Ifilimu ye-chromium oxide engasebenzi inikeza isivikelo emswakama kanye namakhemikhali.
Izidingo Zezimoto Nezindiza
Izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto nezindiza zidinga izibambo ezinokumelana nokudlidliza okumangalisayo, ukuqina kokukhathala, kanye nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa. Udinga izingxenye ezisebenza kahle ngaphansi kwemithwalo enamandla nezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Izimoto zikhiqiza imijikelezo yokudlidliza engaguquki kanye nomthwalo wemishini. Izinamathiseli ezinezintambo ezizikhiyayo, ama-patches enayiloni, noma ama-washer akhiyayo zibalulekile. Zigcina umthwalo usesikhathini ngaphansi kwezimo eziguquguqukayo. Kuma-fasteners ezindaweni ezibalulekile zenjini, ikakhulukazi lapho izingxenye zenjini zithola ukudlidliza, izinto kumele zibe nokuguquguquka okuhle. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuphuka okubuthakathaka. Izinamathiseli zezimoto kumele zibonise ukumelana okuphezulu kokudlidliza kanye nokuqina kokukhathala. Izinamathiseli zenjini kanye ne-transmission kumele zikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nemithwalo ye-torque.
Ezindiza, udinga izinto ezihlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha eziqinile kanye nokusebenza kahle. Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezizikhiyayo ezenziwe ngeInsimbi engagqwali yebanga elingu-316zilungele ukusetshenziswa kwezindiza. Zinikeza amandla adingekayo, ukumelana nokugqwala, kanye nokuqina kwezinga lokushisa kwezinhlelo ezibalulekile.
Izinselele Zengqalasizinda Nokwakha
Amaphrojekthi engqalasizinda kanye nokwakha adinga izixazululo eziqinile zokubopha. Udinga izinto ezimelana nezimo zangaphandle ezinzima, imithwalo esindayo, kanye nezingozi zomlilo.
Izibopho zekhebula lensimbi zibekezelela izimo ezimbi kakhulu. Zimelana nokugqwala okuvela kumakhemikhali, uwoyela, kanye namanzi anosawoti. Lokhu kuzenza ziqine kakhulu ezindaweni zasolwandle nasezitshalweni zamakhemikhali. Zigcina ukusebenza kwazo ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu. Zinebanga elibanzi lokusebenza elisukela ku--80°C kuya ku-+538°C. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zimelana ngokwemvelo nemisebe ye-UV kanye nomlilo. Lokhu kuzenza zibe ukukhetha okuhle kokusetshenziswa ngaphandle lapho zichayeke elangeni isikhathi eside.
Uyazuza ngokuqina kwazo okumangalisayo kanye nokumelana nezimo zemvelo. Zinikeza ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside. Zinikeza ukumelana okuphezulu nokugqwala, ukugqwala, amazinga okushisa aphezulu, kanye nemisebe ye-UV. Lokhu kuzenza zifanele ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle. Zinamandla kakhulu. Zimelana nemithwalo esindayo kanye nezimo zemvelo ezinzima. Zigcina ubuqotho nokusebenza kuzo zonke amazinga okushisa ahlukahlukene, kusukela ekubandeni okubandayo kuya ekushiseni okushisayo.
Izibopho zekhebula ezimbozwe nge-epoxy yensimbi engagqwali zihlala iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengama-30 ngaphandle. Lokhu kwenza izinto zibe zinhle kakhulu kunezibopho zepulasitiki. Ziphinde zibonise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu ezindaweni ezigqwalisayo njengezindawo ezisogwini noma ezakhiweni zamakhemikhali. Zihlala iminyaka emihlanu, kanti izibopho zepulasitiki zivame ukubola zingakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha.
Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali zithuthukisa kakhulu ukuphepha komlilo kumaphrojekthi engqalasizinda yomphakathi. Zilandela imithetho ebuyekeziwe, ikakhulukazi i-BS 7671 yeMithetho Kagesi, eyaqala ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 1, 2015. Le mithetho iyalela ukusetshenziswa kwezibambo ezingashisi umlilo kanye nokufakelwa kwezintambo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukuwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ekushiseni okukhulu. Ngokungafani nezinye izindlela ezingezona ezensimbi, izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali zimelana namazinga okushisa angaba ngu-500°C. Lokhu ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinhlelo zezintambo zihlala zisekelwa ngesikhathi somlilo. Lokhu kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezintambo ezikhululekile kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-trunk. Lezi yizinkinga ezibalulekile zokuphepha engqalasizinda yomphakathi.
Izidingo Zokuhlanzeka Kokucubungula Ukudla
Izindawo zokucubungula ukudla zidinga amazinga aphezulu okuhlanzeka. Udinga izixazululo zokubopha ezivimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane kanye nokungcola.
Izibambo akumele zibe nama-bacteria. Izindawo ezibushelelezi nezingenazo izimbobo zibalulekile ekuhlanzeni okulula. Zivimbela ukubanjwa kokungcola. Umklamo kufanele unciphise imifantu lapho ama-bacteria angaqoqana khona. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izici ezifana nezindawo ezibushelelezi, izikhala ezincane, kanye nezindandatho zokuvala irabha. Izibambo kumele zenziwe ngezinto ezingagqwali njengensimbi engagqwali. Kumelwe kube lula ukuzihlanza nokuzinakekela. Lokhu kuvimbela ukwakheka kwama-bacteria kanye nokungcola.
Cabanga ngalezi zindinganiso zemishini yokucubungula ukudla:
| Okujwayelekile/Isidingo | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukuqina | Izinto kumele zikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali, ukucindezela, kanye namazinga okushisa. |
| Ukuhambisana | Izinto zokwakha kumele zihambisane nezixazululo zokuhlanza, izimo ze-SIP, kanye nezimo zokucubungula izinto eziphilayo, zilandela iziqondiso ze-ASME BPE. |
| Ukufana | Izindawo ezivezwe ekuhlanzweni kwe-SIP noma uketshezi kumele zingamunci, zingangenwa amanzi, zingabi yingozi, zingabi nobuthi, zingagqwali futhi zingaklwebhi, zingancibiliki, futhi zibe nomzimba ofanayo ngokwemvelo. |
| Ukuhlanzeka | Imishini kumele isabela kahle ekuhlanzweni kwendawo, ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Izibambo kanye nezintambo kufanele zigweme ukuchayeka ezixazululweni zokuhlanza, futhi izinamathiselo eziboshwe kufanele zincishiswe. |
| Ukungakwazi ukudonsa amanzi | Izinhlelo kumele zenzelwe ukukhipha amanzi adonsela phansi, nge-pitch eqhubekayo njengoba kuchaziwe yizindinganiso ze-ASME BPE, ukuze kususwe imithwalo yemvelo. |
| Izidingo Ezengeziwe | Izinto okufanele uzicabangele ngokukhethekile ngezinhlelo ze-Clean-in-Place (CIP), okuhlanganisa ukutholakala kwamafutha kanye nomklamo wangaphandle wokugeza njalo. |
Insimbi engagqwali ayinazo izimbobo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukumuncwa kwamagciwane, umswakama, noma izinto ezingcolisayo. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuhlanza nokuhlanza. Kuvimbela ukukhula kwamagciwane. Kumelana nokugqwala namakhemikhali aqinile njengezibulala-magciwane ezinamandla, izihlanzi zokususa amafutha, kanye nezihlanzi zokuhlanza ezisezingeni lokudla. Amapulasitiki amaningi ayawohloka futhi akhiphe izinhlayiya ezincane. Izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali aziphumi. Lokhu kususa ingozi yezinhlayiya ezingcolisa imikhiqizo yokudla. Lena inkinga evamile ngezibopho zepulasitiki eziwohlokayo. Insimbi engagqwali yebanga lesi-316 igqanyiswa ngokukhethekile ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, ukumelana namakhemikhali, kanye nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha kokudla. Lokhu kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ezindaweni zokucubungula ukudla.
Uthola izintambo zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezizikhiyayo zibalulekile ezindaweni ezinzima. Izakhiwo zazo zezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nendlela yazo eqinile yokuzikhiya ziletha ukuqina okungenakuqhathaniswa. Zimelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu. Uthola ukubopha okuphephile nokuhlala isikhathi eside lapho ezinye izixazululo zehluleka khona. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuthembeka, kanye nokuqhubeka kokusebenza.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
Yini eyenza izibopho zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali zibe ngcono kunepulasitiki ezindaweni ezinzima?
Uthola ukuthi izibopho zensimbi engagqwali zinikeza ukuqina okungenakuqhathaniswa. Zimelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, imisebe ye-UV, kanye namakhemikhali agqwalisayo. Izibopho zepulasitiki ziyawohloka ngaphansi kwalezi zimo.
Yiluphi uhlobo lwentambo yensimbi engagqwali okufanele ulusebenzise ekusetshenzisweni kwasolwandle?
Kufanele ukhethe izintambo zekhebula zensimbi engagqwali ezingama-316L. Leli banga liqukethe i-molybdenum. Linikeza ukumelana okuphezulu emanzini anosawoti kanye nokugqwala kwe-chloride.
Ingabe lezi zibopho zekhebula zingamelana nokushisa okukhulu?
Yebo, ungathembela kuzo ekushiseni okukhulu noma ekubandeni. Zisebenza kahle kusukela ku--112°F kuya ku-1000°F. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhlala njalo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Novemba-27-2025
